Lapaʻau ʻili o nā ʻāpana hoʻolei metala

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka ʻili o ka metala he kaʻina hana no ka hana ʻana i kahi papa ʻili ma luna o ka ʻili o kahi mea metala kumu i ʻokoʻa mai nā ʻano mīkini, kino a me nā mea kemika o ke kumu. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka ʻili e hoʻokō i ke kūpaʻa corrosion o ka huahana, ka pale ʻana i ka lole, ke kāhiko a i ʻole nā ​​​​koi hana kūikawā ʻē aʻe. No nā hoʻolei metala, ʻo kā mākou hana maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻili: polishing mechanical, mālama kemika, mālama wela o ka ʻili, a me ka ʻili i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mua ʻana o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe metala e hoʻomaʻemaʻe, kahili, deburr, degrease, a deoxidize i ka ʻili o ka mea hana.

ʻElua mau wehewehe no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili. ʻO kekahi o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻamau maʻamau, e komo pū ana me nā ʻano hana kino a me nā kemika e like me ka pretreatment, electroplating, pena kiʻi, kemika oxidation, thermal spraying, etc.; ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe ka lāʻau lapaʻau i wehewehe ʻia. ʻO ia, ʻo ka hoʻoili wale ʻana me ka sandblasting, polishing, etc., ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e kapa pinepine ai i ka pre-treatment.

 

Lapaʻau ʻili	Nā noi
Hoʻopili Zinc	ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kila, nā mea hao kalapona, nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia me ka pauka metallurgy
Hoʻopili Zinc Electroless	Electroless Zinc waiwai waiwai ma nā ʻāpana kila
Electroless Nickel Plating	Electroless nickel plating on steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and copper parts
Pani-Zinc Plating	ʻO ka uhi ʻana i ka tin-zinc ma nā ʻāpana kila
Hoʻopili Chromium	ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kila, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe keleawe
Pa'i nikela	Electroless nickel plating on steel, stainless steel, and aluminum parts
Palena Chrome-Nikela	Nā ʻāpana keleawe, nā ʻāpana keleawe
Hoʻopalapala Zinc Nickel	ʻO nā hoʻoheheʻe kila, nā ʻāpana keleawe, nā ʻāpana keleawe
Palena keleawe-Nickel-Chromium	Copper-Nickel-Chromium Plating on steel, stainless steel, aluminum parts
Hoʻopili keleawe	ʻO ke kau ʻana ma nā ʻāpana kila
Anodizing	Anodizing a me ka anodizing paʻakikī ma ka alumini profile, machining a me ka make cast alumini ʻāpana
Pena kiʻi	Ka pena a me ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni maloʻo ma ka hao, ka aluminika, ke kila kila, a me nā ʻāpana kila
Hoomaemae Aakika	ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻakika no ka hoʻolei ʻana i ke kila kila, nā ʻāpana i mālama ʻia i ka wela, nā ʻāpana super, nā alumini alumini, a me nā ʻāpana alloy titanium
Ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa	ʻO ka passivation o nā ʻano kila kuhili ʻole
Phosphating	Zinc a me ka manganese phosphating o nā mea hoʻolei maʻamau a me nā ʻāpana mīkini
Electrophoresis	Electrophoresis ma nā ʻāpana kila
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Electrolytic	ʻO ka poli electrolytic ma nā ʻāpana kila kuhili ʻole
Kii Uea	ʻO nā ʻāpana kila kila ma ka hoʻolei ʻana, ka wili a me ka forging

 

1. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua i ka ʻili

I ke kaʻina hana, ka lawe ʻana, ka mālama ʻana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka ʻili o nā mea hana metala ka nui o ka oxide, rust molding sand, welding slag, lepo, ʻaila a me nā lepo ʻē aʻe. No ka hoʻopili paʻa ʻana o ka uhi i ka ʻili o ka mea hana, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka ʻili o ka mea hana ma mua o ka pena. A i ʻole, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopili wale i ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion o ka uhi ʻana i ka metala, akā e hana pū i ka metala kumu ʻoiai ke uhi ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻomau i ka corrode ma lalo o ka pale o ka papa, e hoʻoneʻe i ka uhi ʻana, e pili ana i nā waiwai mechanical a me ke ola lawelawe o ka mea hana. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo ke kumu o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka ʻili o nā mea hana metala ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi substrate maikaʻi i kūpono i nā koi o ka uhi ʻana, loaʻa kahi papa pale o ka maikaʻi maikaʻi, a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe o ka huahana.

 

2. Hana Hana Mechanical

ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻopili ai i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻana i ka uea, ka puhi ʻana a me ke one peening.

ʻO ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻana, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻokele ʻia ai ka ʻōwili palaki e ke kaʻa, a ʻo ka ʻōwili palaki e hoʻololi i ka wikiwiki ma luna o ka ʻaoʻao o luna a me lalo o ke kaula i ke ala e kū pono ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻāpana ʻōwili e wehe i ka unahi oxide. Holoi ʻia ka unahi hao oxide i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me kahi ʻōnaehana holoi wai hoʻoluʻu paʻa.

ʻO ka puhi ʻana i ka pana he ʻano ia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikaika centrifugal e hoʻolalelale i ka projectile a kau i ka mea hana no ka wehe ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka pana kī a ua kaupalena ʻia e ka pūnaewele. He makapō iki i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka mea hana, a maʻalahi ke hana i nā kihi make ma ka ʻili o loko o ka mea hana i hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia. He paʻakikī ke ʻano o nā mea hana, nui nā ʻāpana ʻaʻahu, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o nā ʻili a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa mālama kanaka, kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai, a nui ka hoʻopukapuka hoʻokahi manawa. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka pana kī no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili, nui ka hopena o ka hopena, a maopopo ka hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻololi maʻalahi ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana pā lahilahi ma ka pana ʻana, a paʻi ke kila kila i ka ʻili o ka mea hana (ʻaʻole pili i ka puhi ʻana a i ʻole ka pana ʻana) e hoʻololi i ka substrate metala. No ka mea, ʻaʻohe plasticity o ka ferroferric oxide a me ka ferroferric oxide, e haki lākou. Ma hope o ka ʻili ʻana, ʻano ʻino ke kiʻi ʻaila me ka mea, no laila ʻaʻole hiki i ka puhi ʻana i ka pana a me ka pana ʻana ke wehe loa i nā ʻaila ʻaila ma ka ʻāpana hana me nā ʻaila ʻaila. Ma waena o nā ʻano hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻili no nā mea hana, ʻo ka hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi loa he sandblasting. He kūpono ʻo Sandblasting no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka ʻili o ka mea hana me nā koi kiʻekiʻe.

 

3. Lapaau Plasma

ʻO ka Plasma kahi hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻāpana maikaʻi i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia a me nā ʻāpana maikaʻi ʻole (me nā ion maikaʻi, nā ion maikaʻi ʻole, nā electrons, nā radical manuahi a me nā hui hana like ʻole, etc.). Ua like nā uku maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi ʻole. No laila, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he plasma, ʻo ia ka ʻehā o ka mokuʻāina i loaʻa i nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia me ka paʻa, wai, a me nā mokuʻāina-plasma state. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mea hana plasma surface me kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe plasma, kahi pipeline lawe kinoea a me kahi nozzle plasma. Hoʻokumu ka mea hana plasma i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ke alapine kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka paipu kila nozzle e hoʻāla ʻia a hoʻomalu ʻia e hana i ka plasma haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka glow, me ke kōkua o ka ea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

Ke hui ka plasma a me ka ʻili o ka mea i hana ʻia, hoʻololi ka mea a loaʻa nā hopena kemika. Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka ʻili, a ua wehe ʻia nā mea haumia hydrocarbon e like me ka momona a me nā mea hoʻohui kōkua, a i ʻole etched a roughened, a i ʻole i hana ʻia i kahi papa hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a i ʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā pūʻulu polar i loaʻa i ka oxygen (hydroxyl, carboxyl), kēia. ka hopena o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mea uhi like ʻole, a ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻopili a me nā noi pena. Ma lalo o ka hopena like, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻili lapaʻau plasma ke loaʻa i kahi ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe-tensile coating, kahi mea e pono ai ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka uhi ʻana a me ka paʻi. ʻAʻohe pono no nā mīkini ʻē aʻe, nā lāʻau kemika a me nā mea ikaika ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui ai i ka adhesion.

 

4. Keʻano Electrochemical

Hoʻohana ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa electrochemical surface i ka hopena electrode e hana i kahi uhi ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea hana, ka mea nui e pili ana i ka electroplating a me ka anodic oxidation.

Ke lilo ka mea hana i ka cathode i ka solution electrolyte. ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i kahi uhi ma ka ʻili ma lalo o ka hana o kahi au i waho i kapa ʻia ʻo electroplating. Hiki i ka papa plating ke metala, alloy, semiconductor a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea paʻa paʻa like ʻole, e like me ke keleawe plating, nickel plating, etc.

ʻOiai i loko o ka hopena electrolyte, ʻo ka mea hana ka anode. ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni oxide ma ka ʻili ma lalo o ka hana o ka wā o waho i kapa ʻia he anodization, e like me ka anodization o ka alumini alumini. Hiki ke hana ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa oxidation o ke kila ma ke ʻano kemika a i ʻole ka electrochemical. ʻO ke ala kemika e kau i ka mea hana i loko o kahi hopena oxidizing, a hilinaʻi i ka hana kemika e hana i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea hana, e like me ka bluing o ke kila.

 

5. Nā Hana Kemika

ʻAʻohe hopena o kēia manawa ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili o ke ʻano kemika, a hoʻohana i ka pilina o nā mea kemika e hana i kahi papa plating ma ka ʻili o ka mea hana. ʻO nā ʻano kumu nui ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ka plating electroless.

I ka hoʻonā electrolyte, ʻaʻohe hana o waho o ka mea hana metala, a ʻo ka mea kemika i loko o ka hopena e pili pū me ka workpiece e hana i kahi uhi ma luna o kona ʻili, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. E like me ka bluing, phosphating, passivation, a me ka mālama paʻakai chromium ma ka ʻili metala. I ka hoʻonā electrolyte, mālama ʻia ka ʻili o ka mea hana me ka ʻole o ka hopena o waho. I ka hopena, ma muli o ka emi ʻana o nā mea kemika, ʻo ke kaʻina hana o ka waiho ʻana i kekahi mau mea ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea hana e hana i kahi uhi i kapa ʻia ʻo electroless plating, e like me ka electroless nickel, Electroless copper plating, etc.

 

6. Hana Hana Wela

ʻO ke kaʻina hana wela e hoʻoheheʻe a hoʻoheheʻe paha i ka mea ma lalo o nā kūlana wela kiʻekiʻe e hana i kahi uhi ma ka ʻili o ka mea hana. ʻO nā ala nui e like me kēia:

1) Hoʻopaʻa wela wela
ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi mea hana metala i loko o ka metala i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e hana i kahi uhi ma luna o kona ʻili i kapa ʻia ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe wela, e like me ke galvanizing wela a me ka alumini wela.

2) Hoʻopuʻi wela
ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka metala i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a kāpīpī ʻia ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea hana e hana i kahi uhi i kapa ʻia ʻo thermal spraying, e like me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka zinc a me ka alumini hoʻoheheʻe wela.

3) Hōʻailona Wela
ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻomehana ʻana a me ke kaomi ʻana i ka pahu metala ma luna o ka ʻili o ka mea hana e hana ai i kahi papa uhi i kapa ʻia ʻo hot stamping, e like me ka hot stamping aluminum foil.

4) Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Wela Kemika
ʻO ke kaʻina hana e pili ai ka mea hana me nā mea kemika a me ka wela, a komo kekahi mea i ka ʻili o ka mea hana ma kahi wela kiʻekiʻe i kapa ʻia ʻo ka mālama wela kemika, e like me ka nitriding a me ka carburizing.

 

7. Electrophoresis

Ma ke ʻano he electrode, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea hana i loko o ka peʻa conductive wai-soluble a i ʻole wai-emulsified, a hana i kahi kaapuni me ka electrode ʻē aʻe i ka pena. Ma lalo o ka hana o ke kahua uila, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hopena o ka uhi ʻana i nā ion resin i kau ʻia, neʻe nā cations i ka cathode, a neʻe nā anion i ka anode. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau ion resin i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, me nā ʻāpana puaʻa adsorbed, i ka ʻili o ka mea hana e hana i kahi uhi. Kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana electrophoresis.

 

8. Hoʻopuʻi Electrostatic

Ma lalo o ka hana a kahi DC kiʻekiʻe-voltage uila, ua kuhikuhi ʻia nā ʻāpana pena i hoʻopiʻi ʻia e lele i luna o ka mea hana i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia e kiʻi i kahi kiʻi pena, i kapa ʻia ʻo static spraying.