ʻO ka hao hoʻoheheʻe he hao-kāpona hao me ka hapa nui o ke kalapona i ʻoi aku ma mua o 2.11%. Loaʻa ka hao ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hao puaʻa i loko o ka umu, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ferroalloy, ke kila ʻōpala, a hoʻi i ka umu e hoʻoponopono i ka haku mele.hao hina hinaa ʻo ka hao ductile ka mea ʻelua i hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā pahu.
Hōʻike nui ʻia nā māka hao hao o Kina e nā waiwai mechanical. ʻO ka pūʻulu helu mua o ka papa e hōʻike ana i ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa (ma MPa), a ʻo ka pūʻulu lua o nā helu (inā loaʻa) hōʻike i ka elongation liʻiliʻi i ka wā hoʻomaha (%). Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pūʻulu helu ʻelua e kahi kaha "-".
ʻO ka helu leka Pelekane o ka hao hao hina ʻo HT, kahi o H ka hua mua o ka Chinese Pinyin (Hui Se) ʻo ia hoʻi ka hina; ʻO T ka hua mua o ka Chinese Pinyin (Tie) o ka hao. Hōʻike nā helu ma nā māka hao hina hina o Kina i ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa (MPa). No ka laʻana, hōʻike ka HT250 i ka hao hina hina me ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa o 250 MPa.
| Hoʻohālikelike i ka hao hina hina mai nā ʻāina like ʻole | ||||||||||
| ʻAʻole. | Kina | Iapana | USA | ISO | Kelemānia | Palani | Lukia | UK | ||
| GB | JIS | ASTM | UNS | DIN | W-Nr. | NF EN | гост | BS | ||
| 1 | HT100 | FC100 | GG10 | 0.6010 | EN-GJL-100 | гч10 | Papa 100 | |||
| 2 | HT150 | FC150 | 150/~No.20 | F11401 | ISO 185/JL/150 | GG15 | 0.6015 | EN-GJL-150 | гч15 | Papa 150 |
| 3 | HT200 | FC200 | 200/~No.30 | F12101 | ISO 185/JL/200 | GG20 | 0.6020 | EN-GJL-200 | гч18 гч20 гч21 | Papa 180 Papa 220 |
| 4 | HT250 | FC250 | 250/~No.35 | F12401 | ISO 185/JL/250 | GG25 | 0.6025 | EN-GJL-250 | гч24 гч25 | Papa 260 |
| 5 | HT300 | FC300 | 300/~No.45 | F13101 | ISO 185/JL/300 | GG30 | 0.6030 | EN-GJL-300 | гч30 | Papa 300 |
| 6 | HT350 | FC350 | 350/~No.50 | F13501 | ISO 185/JL/350 | GG35 | 0.6035 | EN-GJL-350 | гч35 | Papa 350 |
ʻO ke code leka Pelekane ohao ductileʻo QT, kahi Q ka hua mua o ka Pinyin (Qiumo) Pākē o ka graphite spheroidal Pākē; ʻO T ka hua mua o ka Chinese Pinyin (Tie) o ka hao. ʻElua pūʻulu helu ma nā māka hao ductile o Kina. ʻO ka pūʻulu helu mua e hōʻike ana i ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa (MPa), a ʻo ka pūʻulu lua o nā helu e hōʻike ana i ka elongation ma hope o ka haki ʻana (%). Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pūʻulu helu ʻelua e kahi kaha "-". No ka laʻana, hōʻike ʻo QT400-18 i kahi hao ductile me ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa o 480 MPa a me ka elongation liʻiliʻi o 18%.
| Papa Hao Ductile mai na aina like ole | ||||||||||
| ʻAʻole. | Kina | Iapana | USA | ISO | Alemania | Palani | Rusia гост | UK BS | ||
| GB | JIS | ASTM | UNS | DIN | W-Nr. | NF | ||||
| 1 | FCD350-22 | - | - | 350-22 | - | - | - | Bч35 | 350/22 | |
| 2 | QT400-15 | FCD400-15 | - | - | 400-15 | GGG-40 | 0.7040 | EN-GJS-400-15 | Bч40 | 370/17 |
| 3 | QT400-18 | FCD400-18 | 60-40-18 | F32800 | 400-18 | - | - | EN-GJS-400-18 | - | 400/18 |
| 4 | QT450-10 | FCD450-10 | 65-45-12 | F33100 | 450-10 | - | - | EN-GJS-450-10 | Bч45 | 450/10 |
| 5 | QT500-7 | FCD500-7 | 80-55-6 | F33800 | 500-7 | GGG-50 | 0.7050 | EN-GJS-500-7 | Bч50 | 500/7 |
| 6 | QT600-3 | FCD600-3 | ≈80-55-06 ≈100-70-03 | F3300 F34800 | 600-3 | GGG-60 | 0.7060 | EN-GJS-600-3 | Bч60 | 600/3 |
| 7 | QT700-2 | FCD700-2 | 100-70-03 | F34800 | 700-2 | GGG-70 | 0.7070 | EN-GJS-700-2 | Bч70 | 700/2 |
| 8 | QT800-2 | FCD800-2 | 120-90-02 | F36200 | 800-2 | GGG-80 | 0.7080 | EN-GJS-800-2 | Bч80 | 800/2 |
| 8 | QT900-2 | 120-90-02 | F36200 | 800-2 | GGG-80 | 0.7080 | EN-GJS-900-2 | ≈Bч100 | 900/2 | |
| Hoʻohālikelike Hao Hina | Microstructure (Nā Haʻawina Nui) | |||
| Kina（GB/T 9439) | ISO 185 | ASTM A48/A48M | EN 1561 | Hoʻokumu ʻia matrix |
| HT100 (HT10-26) | 100 | No.20 F11401 | EN-GJL-100 | Pearlite: 30-70％, nā ʻōpala maloʻo; Ferrite: 30-70％; Binary Phosphorus Eutectic: ＜7％ |
| HT150 (HT15-33) | 150 | No.25A F11701 | EN-GJL-150 | Pearlite: 40-90％, nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi; Ferrite: 10-60％; Binary Phosphorus Eutectic: <7％ |
| HT200 (HT20-40) | 200 | No.30A F12101 | EN-GJL-200 | Pearlite: ＞95％, nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi; Ferrite＜5％; Binary Phosphorus Eutectic＜4％ |
| HT250 (HT25-47) | 250 | No.35A F12401 No.40A F12801 | EN-GJL-250 | Pearlite: ＞98％ nā ʻāpana lahilahi; Binary Phosphorus Eutectic: <2％ |
| HT300 (HT30-54) | 300 | No.45A F13301 | EN-GJL-300 | Pearlite: ＞98％ nā ʻāpana lahilahi; Binary Phosphorus Eutectic: <2％ |
| HT350 (HT35-61) | 350 | No.50A F13501 | EN-GJL-350 | Pearlite: ＞98％ nā ʻāpana lahilahi; Binary Phosphorus Eutectic: <1％ |
| Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hao | Ka Hui Kemika％） | Hoʻokumu ʻia matrix | |||||||||
| GB/T 1348-1988 | ASTM A536-84(2004) | EN 1563:-1997 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Mg | Re | nā mea ʻē aʻe | |
| QT400-18 | 60-40-18① F32800 | GJS-400-18 JS1020 | 3.6-3.8 | 2.3-2.7 | ＜0.5 | <0.08 | ＜0.025 | 0.03-0.05 | 0.02-0.03 | — | Annealed Ferrite |
| QT400-15 | 60-42-10 F32900 | GJS-400-15 JS1030 | 3.5-3.6 | 3.0-3.2 | ＜0.5 | <0.07 | <0.02 | 0.04 | 0.02 | — | Annealed Ferrite |
| QT450-10 | 65-45-12 F33100 | GJS-450-10 JS1040 | 3.4-3.9 | 2.7-3.0 | 0.2-0.5 | <0.07 | <0.03 | 0.06-0.1 | 0.03-0.1 | — | Annealed Ferrite |
| QT500-7 | 70-50-05 | GJS-500-7 JS1050 | 3.6-3.8 | 2.5-2.9 | ＜0.6 | <0.08 | ＜0.025 | 0.03-0.05 | 0.03-0.05 | — | ʻO Pearlite + Ferrite |
| QT600-3 | 80-60-03② F34100 | GJS-600-3 JS1060 | 3.6-3.8 | 2.0-2.4 | 0.5-0.7 | <0.08 | ＜0.025 | 0.035-0.05 | 0.025-0.045 | — | ʻO Pearlite maʻamau |
| QT700-2 | 100-70-03 F34800 | GJS-700-2 JS1070 | 3.7-4.0 | 2.3-2.6 | 0.5-0.8 | <0.08 | <0.02 | 0.035-0.065 | 0.035-0.065 | Mo0.15-0.4 Cu0.4-0.8 | Hoʻohuihui Microstructure |
| QT800-2 | - | GJS-800-2 JS1080 | 3.7-4.0 | ＜2.5 | ＜0.5 | <0.07 | <0.03 | — | — | Mo0.39 Cu0.82 | Hoʻohuihui Microstructure |
| QT900-2 | 120-90-02 F36200 | GJS-900-2 JS1090 | 3.5-3.7 | 2.7-3.0 | ＜0.5 | <0.08 | ＜0.025 | 0.03-0.05 | 0.025-0.045 | Mo0.15-0.25 Cu0.5-0.7 | Bainite lalo |
| ① mai ASTM A716-2003. ② mai ASTM A476/A476M-2000. | |||||||||||
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-13-2022