304 Ke kila kila

ʻO ka 304 stainless steel kahi papa o ke kila kila i hana ʻia e like me ka maʻamau ʻAmelika ASTM. Ma waena o nā mea kila kuhiliʻole a pau, ʻo 304 ka mea kila kila ka mea maʻamau. ʻO 7.93 g/cm³ ka mānoanoa o 304 kila kila. ʻO ka inoa ʻoihana o 304 stainless steel i kapa ʻia ʻo 18/8 stainless steel, no ka mea, aia ma mua o 18% chromium a ʻoi aku ma mua o 8% nickel. ʻO 304 stainless steel ka mea pale i ka wela kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 800 ℃), a loaʻa iā ia nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana hoʻoponopono maikaʻi a me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka ʻoihana, ka ʻoihana hoʻonaninani hale a me ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me ka ʻoihana olakino. Ma ka maʻamau ASTM A351, CF8 ka mea like me 304 stainless steel.

 

Inoa Pākē	304不锈钢/06Cr19Ni10 (GB/T 3280-2015)	Nā ʻElemu Alloy Nui	Ni, Mo
Inoa Pelekania	AISI 304 kila kila, AISI 304 SS	Hana Mākēneki	ʻO ka magnetism nāwaliwali, ma hope o ka hana anu e like me ke kau ʻana a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻana, e ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka magnetism (hiki ke huki ʻia e nā magnet)
Nā inoa ʻē aʻe	SUS 304 SS (JIS G4303) a i ʻole 18-8 SS	Nā hiʻohiʻona	ʻO ke kūpaʻa ʻino (ʻaʻole pale loa i ka corrosion), ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻakikī maikaʻi
Hoʻolālā Metallographic	Austenite

 

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻoi aku o nā hōʻailona ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ke kila kila 304 ma mua o ke kila kila 304 maʻamau. No ka laʻana: ʻo ka wehewehe honua o 304 stainless steel he 18% -20% o ka chromium a me 8% -10% o nickel, akā ʻo ka meaʻai-grade 304 stainless steel he 18% o ka chromium a me 8% o ka nickel, i ʻae ʻia e. fluctuate i loko o kekahi laulā, a kaupalena i ka maʻiʻo o nā metala kaumaha. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole pono ke kila kila 304 i ke kila kila 304

ʻO nā ʻano lepili maʻamau ma ka mākeke ʻo 06Cr19Ni10 a me SUS 304, ʻo ia ka 06Cr19Ni10 ma ke ʻano maʻamau o ka hana maʻamau o ke aupuni (GB/T 3280-2015), ʻo AISI 304 ʻo ia hoʻi ka hana maʻamau o ASTM, a ʻo SUS 304 ke ʻano o ka hana maʻamau o Iapana.

ʻO 304 kahi kila kuhiliʻole kumu nui i hoʻohana nui ʻia e hana i nā mea hana a me nā ʻāpana e pono ai ka hui maikaʻi ʻana o nā waiwai (ke kūpaʻa corrosion a me ka formability). I mea e hoʻomau ai i kona kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion, pono e loaʻa ma mua o 18% chromium a ʻoi aku ma mua o 8% nickel.

Ke hoʻohana nei ka American Iron and Steel Institute i ʻekolu huahelu e koho i nā māka maʻamau o ke kila kila malleable. i:
1. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kila kila Austenitic e nā helu ma ka moʻo 200 a me 300. No ka laʻana, ua koho ʻia kekahi o nā mea kila kulika austenitic maʻamau e 201, 304, 316 a me 310.
2. Hōʻike ʻia nā kila kulika ferritic a me martensitic e nā helu moʻo 400.
3. Hōʻike ʻia ke kila kila Ferritic e 430 a me 446. Hōʻike ʻia nā kila kuhili martensitic e 410, 420 a me 440C. ,
4. ʻO nā kila kuhiliʻole Duplex (austenitic-ferritic), nā kila ʻeleʻele paʻakikī paʻakikī o ka ua, a me nā mea hao kiʻekiʻe me ka liʻiliʻi o 50% hao ke koho pinepine ʻia e nā inoa ponoʻī a i ʻole nā ​​​​inoa.

No ke kila kila 304, he mea koʻikoʻi ka mea Ni i loko o kāna ʻano, e hoʻoholo pololei i ke kūpaʻa corrosion o 304 stainless steel a me kona waiwai. ʻO nā mea nui loa ma 304 ʻo Ni a me Cr, akā ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i kēia mau mea ʻelua. Hōʻike ʻia nā koi kikoʻī e nā kūlana huahana. ʻO ka hoʻoholo maʻamau i ka ʻoihana ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka Ni ma mua o 8% a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka Cr ma mua o 18%, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he 304 stainless steel. ʻO kēia ke kumu i kapa ai ka ʻoihana i kēia ʻano o ke kila kila 18/8 kila kila. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā kūlana huahana e pili ana i nā lula akaka loa no 304, a he mau ʻokoʻa kēia mau huahana huahana no nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kila kila. Aia ma lalo kekahi mau huahana maʻamau a me nā hoʻāʻo. No ka hoʻoholo inā he 304 stainless steel kahi mea, pono ia e hoʻokō i nā koi o kēlā me kēia mea i ka maʻamau huahana. I ka wā e hoʻokō ʻole ai kekahi i nā koi, ʻaʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo 304 stainless steel.

 

Nā Hui Kemika o 304 Stainless Steel E like me ka ASTM A276
304 SS	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Cr	Ni
%	≤0.08	≤2.00	≤0.045	≤0.030	≤1.00	18.0–20.0	8.0-11.0
Nā Hui Kemika o 304 Kuhili ʻole e like me ka ASTM A240
304 SS	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Cr	Ni
%	≤0.07	≤2.00	≤0.045	≤0.030	≤0.75	17.5–19.5	8.0–10.5
Nā Hana Kemika o 304 Kuleana kila Wahi a JIS G4303
SUS 304 SS	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Cr	Ni
%	≤0.08	≤2.00	≤0.045	≤0.030	≤1.00	18.0–20.0	8.0-10.5

 

Hoʻohana ʻia o 304 Stainless Steel

ʻO 304 ke kila kila ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka chromium-nickel stainless steel. Ma keʻano he kila i hoʻohana nuiʻia, he maikaʻi ke kūpaʻa corrosion, ka wela wela, ka ikaika haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā mea mechanical; ʻO ka hana wela maikaʻi e like me ke kuʻi ʻana a me ke kulou ʻana, ʻaʻohe mālama wela Ke ʻano paʻakikī (hoʻohana i ka mahana -196 ℃ ~ 800 ℃). ʻO ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka corrosion i ka lewa, inā he lewa ʻoihana a i ʻole kahi wahi haumia nui, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka manawa e pale ai i ka corrosion. He kūpono no ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai, mālama a me ka lawe ʻana. Loaʻa i ka processability maikaʻi a me ka weldability. ʻO nā mea hoʻololi wela o ka pā, nā bellows, nā huahana o ka hale (Class 1 a me 2 tableware, cabinets, pipelines indoor pipelines, water heaters, boilers, bathtubs), nā ʻāpana kaʻa (wipers windshield, mufflers, molded products), nā mea lapaʻau, nā mea kūkulu hale, nā kemika, ʻoihana meaʻai. , mahiʻai, ʻāpana moku, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka 304 stainless steel nona ka mea i hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia e hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo ka meaʻai 304 stainless steel.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā koi hoʻohana e mālama i ke ʻano kumu o ka hale no ka manawa lōʻihi. I ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ke kila kila e koho ai, ʻo nā mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai i nā kūlana aesthetic pono, ka corrosiveness o ka lewa kūloko, a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe e hoʻohana ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ke ʻimi nei nā noi ʻē aʻe i ka kūpaʻa a i ʻole ka wai impermeability. No ka laʻana, nā hale a me nā paia ʻaoʻao o nā hale ʻoihana. Ma kēia mau noi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o ka mea nona ka hale ma mua o ka aesthetics, a ʻaʻole maʻemaʻe loa ka ʻili. 304 maikaʻi ke kila kila ma nā wahi maloʻo o loko. Eia nō naʻe, no ka mālama ʻana i kona helehelena i waho ma nā kuaʻāina a me nā kūlanakauhale, pono ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine. Ma nā wahi ʻoihana a me nā kahakai i haumia nui, hiki i ka ʻili ke lepo a me ka ʻōpala.

Eia nō naʻe, no ka hopena aesthetic i kahi kaiapuni waho, koi ʻia ke kila kila kila. No laila, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka 304 stainless steel i nā pā pale, nā paia ʻaoʻao, nā hale a me nā kumu hana ʻē aʻe, akā i loko o nā ʻoihana ʻenehana nui a i ʻole nā ​​​​moku kai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o 316 stainless steel. ʻO nā puka hoʻoheheʻe kila kila, ua ʻike piha ka poʻe i nā pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila kila i nā noi hoʻolālā. ʻO 304 a me 316 mau kila kila i loko o kekahi mau alakaʻi hoʻolālā. Ma muli o ka hui ʻana o ka "duplex" stainless steel 2205 i ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi me ke kiʻekiʻe tensile a me nā ikaika elastic, ua hoʻokomo pū ʻia kēia kila i nā alakaʻi ʻEulopa. Huahana Huahana Ua hana maoli 'ia ke kila kila ma ka piha piha o na ano metala ma'amau a me na nui, a he nui na ano kūikawā. ʻO nā huahana i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i hana ʻia mai ka pepa a me ke kāʻei, akā ua hana ʻia nā huahana kūikawā mai nā papa waena a me ke kaumaha, no ka laʻana, i ka hana ʻana i ke kila kila wela a me ke kila extruded. He poepoe, oval, square, rectangular a me hexagonal welded a i ole seamless paipu a me na ano e ae, me na profiles, bars, wires and castings.

 

Na Pono Kino o 304 Kuleana kila		Na Mea Makani o 304 Kuiliili
Māmā (20 ℃, g/cm³)	7.93	ʻO ka ikaika uʻi σb (MPa)	≥515-1035
Ka wela hehee (℃）)	1398 - 1454	Ka ikaika o ka hua σ0.2 (MPa)	≥205
Ka nui o ka wela （0~100℃，KJ·kg-1K-1）	0.5	ʻO ka lōʻihi δ5 (%)	≥40
Hoʻolima wela（W·m-1·K-1）	(100 ℃)16.3, (500 ℃)21.5	ka nui o ka hoemi ana ma kahi ψ (%)	40 - 60
Coefficient o ka Hoonui Linear（10-6·K-1）	(0-100 ℃)17.2, (0-500 ℃)18.4	ʻoʻoleʻa	≤201HBW;≤92HRB;≤210HV
Resistivity (20 ℃，10-6Ω·m2/m）	0.73
Longitudinal Elastic Modulus (20℃，KN/mm2)	193

 

ʻO nā kumu o ka ʻōpala o 304 kila kila

ʻO ke kumu ʻino o ka 304 stainless steel mea kumu:

1. Klorida
Loaʻa ākea nā ion Chloride, e like me ka paʻakai / ka hou / ka wai kai / ka makani kai / ka lepo a pēlā aku. Ma ke alo o nā ion chloride, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ke kila kila haʻahaʻa maʻamau. No laila, aia nā koi no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila kila, a pono e holoi pinepine ʻia e wehe i ka lepo a mālama i ka maʻemaʻe a maloʻo. Aia kekahi laʻana ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa: hoʻohana kekahi hui i kahi pahu ʻoka e hoʻopaʻa i kahi hopena i loaʻa nā ion chloride. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka ipu no kahi kokoke i hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e pani ʻia i ka makahiki 1990. No ka mea, ʻaʻole lawa ka mea ʻoka i kēia manawa, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka ipu kila kila no 16 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana. Leak ma muli o ka corrosion.

2. Hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono
ʻAʻole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā mea huila i loko o ka matrix, ka hopena i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i loko o ka hoʻolālā matrix a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion.

3. Intergranular corrosion
ʻO kēia mea titanium- a me ka niobium-ʻole i kūpono i ka corrosion intergranular. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka titanium a me ka niobium, me ka mālama stabilization, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka corrosion intergranular. He kila kila kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke pale aku i ka ʻinoʻino i ka lewa a i ʻole i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kemika. ʻO ke kila kila ka nani o ka ʻili a me ke kūpaʻa ʻino maikaʻi. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ʻili e like me ka uhi kala, akā hoʻohana i nā ʻano o ka ʻili o ke kila kila. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā ʻano ʻano kila he nui, i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kila kila. ʻO ka hana ʻelele he kila kila kiʻekiʻe e like me 13 chrome steel a me 18-8 chrome nickel steel. Mai ka manaʻo metallographic, no ka mea, aia ka chromium i loko o ke kila kila, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni chromium lahilahi ma ka ʻili, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai i ka oxygen mai ke kila a hoʻokani i ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. I mea e mālama ai i ka pale ʻana o ka corrosion o ke kila kila, pono ke kila ma mua o 12% chromium. No nā manawa e pono ai ka wiliwili. ʻO ka maʻiʻo kalapona haʻahaʻa e hōʻemi i ka ua carbide ma kahi i hoʻopili ʻia i ka wela ma kahi kokoke i ka weld, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka corrosion intergranular (weld erosion) o ke kila kila ma kekahi mau kaiapuni.