Hoolei hao kalapona

Loaʻa i ke kila kalapona ke kalapona kemika e like me ka mea hoʻohui nui a me kahi mea liʻiliʻi o nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me Si, Mn a me nā mea liʻiliʻi o P a me S. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa, hoʻolei ʻia ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe. kila. ʻO ka maʻiʻo kalapona o ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma lalo o 0.25%, ʻo ke kalapona kalapona o ke kila kalapona waena ma waena o 0.25% a me 0.60%, a ʻo ka ʻike kalapona o ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe ma waena o 0.6% a me 3.0%. Hoʻonui ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī o ke kila kalapona hoʻolei me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻike kalapona. Loaʻa nā ʻano mea maikaʻi e like me ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a me ka plasticity kiʻekiʻe. Kiolakalapona kilahiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana e amo ana i nā ukana kaumaha, e like me nā ʻāpana kaʻa kaʻa, nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻaahi, nā kaʻa kaʻa, nā hale wili kila, nā kahua paʻi hydraulic i nā mīkini kaumaha. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana e pili ana i nā ikaika nui a me ka hopena, e like me nā huila, huila, bolsters a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ma nā kaʻa kaʻa.